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Meditation 07

Epiousios — daily?

A cut loaf and two slices on a wooden table by a window
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“Give us today our daily bread.”

Matthew 6:11 · World English Bible

We know this sentence, but what exactly are we asking for? Behind “daily” is a Greek word whose meaning remains debated: epiousios. Some have understood it as bread for today, others as bread for tomorrow, and still others as the bread necessary for our existence. These interpretations each emphasize a different dimension: when we need bread, or what we need in order to live.

Kenneth E. Bailey offers an insight drawn from an ancient Syriac version. The word he identifies there, ameno, expresses, in his reading, something that lasts, that does not cease. This reading allows us to bring the previous dimensions together rather than choose between them. We could understand the request this way: “Give us today the bread we need, which keeps coming.”

We are not, then, asking to receive an infinite quantity of bread right now. We are asking for what we need today, trusting that tomorrow, too, we will be able to receive what we need to live. We ask for enough bread, and for it to keep coming, not to accumulate it.

The distinction matters. We can have enough to eat today and still worry about tomorrow. In this reading, the prayer makes room for both realities: our present need and our concern about the days ahead. It does not remove the need to plan ahead; it invites us not to place all our security in our reserves alone.

To ask for this day’s bread, then, is to entrust more than a meal to God. It is to speak to him about what sustains us, today and as time goes on. Enough for this day, and the confidence to welcome the next.

Kenneth E. Bailey, Jesus Through Middle Eastern Eyes (IVP Academic, 2008), p. 121, as noted in James F. McGrath’s review.

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